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to the Beauty of Birds

Violet-green Swallow

The Violet-green Swallow (Tachycineta thalassina) is a small North American passerine bird in the swallow family. These aerial insectivores are distributed along the west coast from Alaska to Mexico, extending as far east as Montana and Texas. With an appearance very similar to the tree swallow, these individuals can be identified by the white rump side-patches that appear to separate their green back and purple tail. Violet-green swallows are secondary cavity nesters, found in a number of habitats including deciduous and coniferous forest. In addition to nesting in tree holes within these habitats, they are also widely observed nesting in the cracks of large cliffs.

The distinct body form of swallows distinguishes them from other passerine birds. Their long-pointed wings and slim, streamlined body evolved to catch insects while in flight. The body of the violet-green swallow is no exception. With an average body length of 5¼ in. (13 cm), the violet-green swallow is slightly shorter and appears more compact in flight compared to other members of the family Hirundinidae. The violet-green swallow most closely resembles the North American tree swallow but can be distinguished by its shorter wings and coloration.

The violet-green swallow gets its name from the coloration on its back and rump. The species is best identified by the glossy green on the top of the head and back as well as hints of purple on the nape, rump and upper tail. Below the green back, the remainder of the wing is a grayish-bronze.

Violet-green swallows exhibit very little sexual dimorphism, with adult males simply showing brighter colors than adult females. Additionally, the white cheeks are not as prominent, and the head is more bronze than green on the female. Juveniles are not as easily identifiable compared to adults due to their dull coloration. Similar to other juvenile swallows, especially the tree swallow, the juvenile violet-green swallow is white below and grayish-brown above.

These photos were taken at Pena Blanca Lake. Catching them in flight is is real chalange. The speed setting was 1/6000 of a second.

Violet-green Swallow